11. 特殊文字

このページは

http://www.pst.co.jp/powersoft/html/htmlChar.htm

を参考にしました。

html の特殊文字は、html 作成時に特殊な文字を使用したいときに利用する。 たとえば、ブラウザは通常、複数空白を詰めてしまう。 空白を表示したければ、
   
と記述する。

html ファイル内に "<" を書くと タグの開始とみなされてしまう。 文字として < を書く場合には
  &lt;
と記述する。
使用頻度の高いのは、
  &quot;   &amp;   &lt;   &gt;   &nbsp;
などである。

特殊文字
文字表記文字コメント
&quot;""" クォーテーション
&amp;"&" アンパサンド
&lt;"<" 小なり
&gt;">" 大なり
&nbsp;" " 空白
&copy;"©" コピーライト
特殊文字一覧
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&quot; """ クォーテーション quotation mark = APL quote
&amp; "&" アンパサンド ampersand
&lt; "<" 小なり less-than sign
&gt; ">" 大なり greater-than sign
&nbsp; " " 空白 no-break space = non-breaking space
&iexcl; "¡" inverted exclamation mark
&cent; "¢" セント cent sign
&pound; "£" ポンド pound sign
&curren; "¤" currency sign
&yen; "¥" yen sign = yuan sign
&euro; "€" ユーロ euro sign
&brvbar; "¦" 縦棒 broken bar = broken vertical bar
&sect; "§" section sign
&uml; "¨" diaeresis = spacing diaeresis
&copy; "©" コピーライト copyright sign
&ordf; "ª" feminine ordinal indicator
&laquo; "«" left-pointing double angle quotation mark = left pointing guillemet
&not; "¬" not sign
&shy; "­" soft hyphen = discretionary hyphen
&reg; "®" registered sign = registered trade mark sign
&macr; "¯" macron = spacing macron = overline = APL overbar
&deg; "°" degree sign
&plusmn; "±" plus-minus sign = plus-or-minus sign
&sup2; "²" 平方 superscript two = superscript digit two = squared
&sup3; "³" 立方 superscript three = superscript digit three = cubed
&acute; "´" acute accent = spacing acute
&micro; "µ" マイクロ micro sign
&para; "¶" pilcrow sign = paragraph sign
&middot; "·" middle dot = Georgian comma = Greek middle dot
&cedil; "¸" cedilla = spacing cedilla
&sup1; "¹" superscript one = superscript digit one
&ordm; "º" masculine ordinal indicator
&raquo; "»" right-pointing double angle quotation mark = right pointing guillemet
&frac14; "¼" vulgar fraction one quarter = fraction one quarter
&frac12; "½" vulgar fraction one half = fraction one half
&frac34; "¾" vulgar fraction three quarters = fraction three quarters
&iquest; "¿" inverted question mark = turned question mark
&circ; "ˆ" modifier letter circumflex accent
&tilde; "˜" small tilde
General Punctuation
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&bull; "•" bullet = black small circle
&hellip; "…" horizontal ellipsis = three dot leader
&prime; "′" prime = minutes = feet
&Prime; "″" double prime = seconds = inches
&oline; "‾" overline = spacing overscore
&frasl; "⁄" fraction slash
&trade; "™" trade mark sign
矢印
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&larr; "←" leftwards arrow
&uarr; "↑" upwards arrow
&rarr; "→" rightwards arrow
&darr; "↓" downwards arrow
&harr; "↔" left right arrow
&crarr; "↵" downwards arrow with corner leftwards = carriage return
&lArr; "⇐" leftwards double arrow
&uArr; "⇑" upwards double arrow
&rArr; "⇒" rightwards double arrow
&dArr; "⇓" downwards double arrow
&hArr; "⇔" left right double arrow
ラテンアルファベット
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&Agrave; "À" latin capital letter A with grave = latin capital letter A grave
&Aacute; "Á" latin capital letter A with acute
&Acirc; "Â" latin capital letter A with circumflex
&Atilde; "Ã" latin capital letter A with tilde
&Auml; "Ä" latin capital letter A with diaeresis
&Aring; "Å" latin capital letter A with ring above = latin capital letter A ring
&AElig; "Æ" latin capital letter AE = latin capital ligature AE
&Ccedil; "Ç" latin capital letter C with cedilla
&Egrave; "È" latin capital letter E with grave
&Eacute; "É" latin capital letter E with acute
&Ecirc; "Ê" latin capital letter E with circumflex
&Euml; "Ë" latin capital letter E with diaeresis
&Igrave; "Ì" latin capital letter I with grave
&Iacute; "Í" latin capital letter I with acute
&Icirc; "Î" latin capital letter I with circumflex
&Iuml; "Ï" latin capital letter I with diaeresis
&ETH; "Ð" latin capital letter ETH
&Ntilde; "Ñ" latin capital letter N with tilde
&Ograve; "Ò" latin capital letter O with grave
&Oacute; "Ó" latin capital letter O with acute
&Ocirc; "Ô" latin capital letter O with circumflex
&Otilde; "Õ" latin capital letter O with tilde
&Ouml; "Ö" latin capital letter O with diaeresis
&Oslash; "Ø" latin capital letter O with stroke = latin capital letter O slash
&Ugrave; "Ù" latin capital letter U with grave
&Uacute; "Ú" latin capital letter U with acute
&Ucirc; "Û" latin capital letter U with circumflex
&Uuml; "Ü" latin capital letter U with diaeresis
&Yacute; "Ý" latin capital letter Y with acute
&THORN; "Þ" latin capital letter THORN
&szlig; "ß" latin small letter sharp s = ess-zed
&agrave; "à" latin small letter a with grave = latin small letter a grave
&aacute; "á" latin small letter a with acute
&acirc; "â" latin small letter a with circumflex
&atilde; "ã" latin small letter a with tilde
&auml; "ä" latin small letter a with diaeresis
&aring; "å" latin small letter a with ring above = latin small letter a ring
&aelig; "æ" latin small letter ae = latin small ligature ae
&ccedil; "ç" latin small letter c with cedilla
&egrave; "è" latin small letter e with grave
&eacute; "é" latin small letter e with acute
&ecirc; "ê" latin small letter e with circumflex
&euml; "ë" latin small letter e with diaeresis
&igrave; "ì" latin small letter i with grave
&iacute; "í" latin small letter i with acute
&icirc; "î" latin small letter i with circumflex
&iuml; "ï" latin small letter i with diaeresis
&eth; "ð" latin small letter eth
&ntilde; "ñ" latin small letter n with tilde
&ograve; "ò" latin small letter o with grave
&oacute; "ó" latin small letter o with acute
&ocirc; "ô" latin small letter o with circumflex
&otilde; "õ" latin small letter o with tilde
&ouml; "ö" latin small letter o with diaeresis
&oslash; "ø" latin small letter o with stroke, = latin small letter o slash
&ugrave; "ù" latin small letter u with grave
&uacute; "ú" latin small letter u with acute
&ucirc; "û" latin small letter u with circumflex
&uuml; "ü" latin small letter u with diaeresis
&yacute; "ý" latin small letter y with acute
&thorn; "þ" latin small letter thorn with
&yuml; "ÿ" latin small letter y with diaeresis
&OElig; "Œ" latin capital ligature OE
&oelig; "œ" latin small ligature oe
&Scaron; "Š" latin capital letter S with caron
&scaron; "š" latin small letter s with caron
&Yuml; "Ÿ" latin capital letter Y with diaeresis
&fnof; "ƒ" latin small f with hook = function = florin
ギリシャアルファベット
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&Alpha; "Α" greek capital letter alpha
&Beta; "Β" greek capital letter beta
&Gamma; "Γ" greek capital letter gamma
&Delta; "Δ" greek capital letter delta
&Epsilon; "Ε" greek capital letter epsilon
&Zeta; "Ζ" greek capital letter zeta
&Eta; "Η" greek capital letter eta
&Theta; "Θ" greek capital letter theta
&Iota; "Ι" greek capital letter iota
&Kappa; "Κ" greek capital letter kappa
&Lambda; "Λ" greek capital letter lambda
&Mu; "Μ" greek capital letter mu
&Nu; "Ν" greek capital letter nu
&Xi; "Ξ" greek capital letter xi
&Omicron; "Ο" greek capital letter omicron
&Pi; "Π" greek capital letter pi
&Rho; "Ρ" greek capital letter rho
&Sigma; "Σ" greek capital letter sigma
&Tau; "Τ" greek capital letter tau
&Upsilon; "Υ" greek capital letter upsilon
&Phi; "Φ" greek capital letter phi
&Chi; "Χ" greek capital letter chi
&Psi; "Ψ" greek capital letter psi
&Omega; "Ω" greek capital letter omega
&alpha; "α" greek small letter alpha
&beta; "β" greek small letter beta
&gamma; "γ" greek small letter gamma
&delta; "δ" greek small letter delta
&epsilon; "ε" greek small letter epsilon
&zeta; "ζ" greek small letter zeta
&eta; "η" greek small letter eta
&theta; "θ" greek small letter theta
&iota; "ι" greek small letter iota
&kappa; "κ" greek small letter kappa
&lambda; "λ" greek small letter lambda
&mu; "μ" greek small letter mu
&nu; "ν" greek small letter nu
&xi; "ξ" greek small letter xi
&omicron; "ο" greek small letter omicron
&pi; "π" greek small letter pi
&rho; "ρ" greek small letter rho
&sigmaf; "ς" greek small letter final sigma
&sigma; "σ" greek small letter sigma
&tau; "τ" greek small letter tau
&upsilon; "υ" greek small letter upsilon
&phi; "φ" greek small letter phi
&chi; "χ" greek small letter chi
&psi; "ψ" greek small letter psi
&omega; "ω" greek small letter omega
&thetasym; "ϑ" greek small letter theta symbol
&upsih; "ϒ" greek upsilon with hook symbol
&piv; "ϖ" greek pi symbol
数学記号
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&times; "×" multiplication sign
&divide; "÷" division sign
&image; "ℑ" blackletter capital I = imaginary part
&real; "ℜ" blackletter capital R = real part symbol
&weierp; "℘" script capital P = power set = Weierstrass p
&alefsym; "ℵ" alef symbol = first transfinite cardinal
&forall; "∀" for all
&part; "∂" partial differential
&exist; "&" there exists
&empty; "∅" empty set = null set = diameter
&nabla; "∇" nabla = backward difference
&isin; "∈" element of
&notin; "∉" not an element of
&ni; "∋" contains as member
&prod; "∏" n-ary product = product sign
&sum; "∑" n-ary sumation
&minus; "−" minus sign
&lowast; "∗" asterisk operator
&radic; "√" square root = radical sign
&prop; "∝" proportional to
&infin; "∞" infinity
&ang; "∠" angle
&and; "∧" logical and = wedge
&or; "∨" logical or = vee
&cap; "∩" intersection = cap
&cup; "∪" union = cup
&int; "∫" integral
&there4; "∴" therefore
&sim; "∼" tilde operator = varies with = similar to
&cong; "≅" approximately equal to
&asymp; "≈" almost equal to = asymptotic to
&ne; "≠" not equal to
&equiv; "≡" identical to
&le; "≤" less-than or equal to
&ge; "≥" greater-than or equal to
&sub; "⊂" subset of
&sup; "⊃" superset of
&nsub; "⊄" not a subset of
&sube; "⊆" subset of or equal to
&supe; "⊇" superset of or equal to
&oplus; "⊕" circled plus = direct sum
&otimes; "⊗" circled times = vector product
&perp; "⊥" up tack = orthogonal to = perpendicular
&sdot; "⋅" dot operator
&lceil; "⌈" left ceiling = apl upstile
&rceil; "⌉" right ceiling
&lfloor; "⌊" left floor = apl downstile
&rfloor; "⌋" right floor
&lang; "⟨" left-pointing angle bracket = bra
&rang; "⟩" right-pointing angle bracket
その他
文字表記 文字 コメント Comment
&loz; "◊" lozenge
&spades; "♠" スペード black spade suit
&clubs; "♣" クラグ black club suit = shamrock
&hearts; "♥" ハート black heart suit = valentine
&diams; "♦" ダイヤ black diamond suit
&ensp; " " en space
&emsp; " " em space
&thinsp; " " thin space
&zwnj; "‌" zero width non-joiner
&zwj; "‍" zero width joiner
&lrm; "‎" left-to-right mark
&rlm; "‏" right-to-left mark
&ndash; "–" en dash
&mdash; "—" em dash
&lsquo; "‘" left single quotation mark
&rsquo; "’" right single quotation mark
&sbquo; "‚" single low-9 quotation mark
&ldquo; "“" left double quotation mark
&rdquo; "”" right double quotation mark
&bdquo; "„" double low-9 quotation mark
&dagger; "†" dagger
&Dagger; "‡" double dagger
&permil; "‰" per mille sign
&lsaquo; "‹" single left-pointing angle quotation mark
&rsaquo; "’" single right-pointing angle quotation mark

Shin-ichi ASAKAWA, Ph.D., <asakawa@ieee.org>

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