$B$/$jJV$7$H>r7oH=CG(B

while $B$K$h$k$/$jJV$7(B

$B$"$k>r7o$,K~$?$5$l$F$$$k4V!"2?$+$N=hM}$r7+$jJV$9$K$O!"(B while $B$H$$$&L?Na$r;H$$!"(B

    while ($B>r7o(B) {
        $B7+$jJV$7
$B$N$h$&$K$7$^$9!#(B

while () $B$N>r7oItJ,$,??(B true $B$G$"$k8B$j!"(Bwhile $BJ8$N8e$K$"$k(B { } $B%V%m%C(B
$B%/ItJ,$K=q$+$l$F$$$kL?Na$,!"7+$jJV$5$l$^$9!#(B

$B1Q8l$N0UL#$r9M$($l$P$o$+$j$d$9$$$G$7$g$&!#(B


$B class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { int i = 1; // $BJQ?t(B i $B$r:n$j!"=i4|CM$r(B 1 $B$H$9$k(B while (i <= 5) { // i $B!e(B 5 $B$J$i(B System.out.println(i); // i $B$NCM$r=PNO(B i = i + 1; // i $B$r(B 1 $B$@$1A}$d$9(B } // while $B$NF,$KLa$C$F7+$jJV$9(B } }

$B 1 2 3 4 5

i = i + 1; $B$O4qL/$K8+$($k$+$bCN$l$^$;$s!#$3$l$O(B

$B:#$^$G$N(B i $B$NCM$K(B 1 $B$r2C$($?$b$N$r?7$?$K(B i $B$KBeF~$9$k(B
$B$H$$$&0UL#$G$9!#8@$$49$($l$P!"(B
i $B$NCM$r(B 1 $B$@$1A}$d$9(B
$B$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#$D$^$j!"(B
1 $B$@$C$?$i(B 2 $B$K$9$k!"(B2 $B$@$C$?$i(B 3 $B$K$9$k!"!D!D(B
$B$H$$$&$o$1$G$9!#(B

$B?t3X$N<0$H$O0[$J$k$H$3$m$G$9!#(B

    i = i + 1;
$B$H$$$&L?Na$O$h$/;H$&$N$G!"(B
    i++;    $B$^$?$O(B    ++i;
$B$HN,5-$G$-$^$9!#$3$NN,5-K!$r;H$($P!"$5$-$[$I$N(B program $B$O class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { int i = 1; // $BJQ?t(B i $B$r:n$j!"=i4|CM$r(B 1 $B$H$9$k(B while (i <= 5) { // i $B!e(B 5 $B$J$i(B System.out.println(i); // i $B$NCM$r=PNO(B i++; // i $B$r(B 1 $B$@$1A}$d$9(B } // while $B$NF,$KLa$C$F7+$jJV$9(B } }

$B$^$?!"(B

    i = i + n;
$B$b$h$/;H$&$N$G!"(B
    i += n;
$B$HN,5-2DG=$G$9!#(B

$BMW$9$k$K(B,

    i++;    ++i;    i += 1;    i = i + 1;
$B$O$_$JF1$8$3$H$G$9!J$?$@$7(B i++ $B$H(B ++i $B$O!"JL$N7W;;$N(B $BCf$G;H$C$?$H$-$K!"0UL#$,HyL/$K0c$$$^$9!#$3$l$K$D$$$F$O8e$G@bL@$7$^$9!K!#(B

for $B$K$h$k$/$jJV$7(B

$B0J2<$N$h$&$J(B while $B$K$h$k7+$jJV$7(B
    i = 1;                      // i $B$K=i4|CM$rM?$($k(B
    while (i <= 5) {            // i $B$,2?$i$+$N>r7o$rK~$?$;$P(B
        System.out.println(i);  // i $B$K$D$$$F2?$+$r$9$k(B
        i++;                    // i $B$rA}$d$9(B
    }                           // $B7+$jJV$9(B
$B$H!" for (i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { // i $B$,(B 1 $B$+$i(B 5 $B$^$G(B System.out.println(i); // i $B$K$D$$$F2?$+$r$9$k(B } // $B7+$jJV$9(B

$B$5$i$K!"JQ?t(B i $B$r:n$k$N$b$^$H$a$F(B

    for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {  // i $B$,(B 1 $B$+$i(B 5 $B$^$G(B
        System.out.println(i);  // i $B$K$D$$$F2?$+$r$9$k(B
    }                           // $B7+$jJV$9(B
$B$N$h$&$K$b$G$-$^$9!#$3$&$7$F(B for $B$NCf$G:n$C$?JQ?t$O!"(B $B$3$N(B for loop $B$NCf$G$7$+;H$($^$;$s(B($B6I=jJQ?t$H$$$$$^$9(B)$B!#(B

$B$J$*!"(Bwhile $B$G$b(B for $B$G$b!"(B $BCf$+$C$3(B { } $B$NCf$NL?Na$,$?$C$?0l$D$J$i!"(B $BCf$+$C$3(B { } $B$r>JN,$9$k$3$H$,2DG=$G$9!#(B

    for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
        System.out.println(i);
$B$N$h$&$K=q$/$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B

$BOB$r5a$a$k(B

$B class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { int sum = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) sum += i; System.out.println("$B9g7W(B: " + sum); } }

$B$b$C$H$/$jJV$7(B

1$B!"(B3$B!"(B5$B!"(B7$B!"(B9 $B$H?t$r0l$DHt$S$K=PNO$9$k$K$O(B

    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i += 2)
        System.out.println(i);
$B$H$7$^$9!#(B

$B$^$?!"(B10 $B$+$i(B 1 $B$K8~$+$C$F%+%&%s%H%@%&%s$9$k$K$O(B

    for (int i = 10; i >= 1; i--)
        System.out.println(i);
$B$H$7$^$9!#$3$N(B i-- $B$O(B i = i - 1 $B$HF1$8$3$H$G!"(B $BCM$r(B 1 $B$@$18:$i$7$^$9!#(B

$B for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i *= 2) System.out.println(i); $B$3$N(B i *= 2 $B$O(B i = i * 2 $B$HF1$8$3$H$G$9!#(B

for $B$O!"?t$r=PNO$9$kI,MW$,$J$/$F$b!"(B $BF1$8(Bmessage$B$r2?2s$+=PNO$9$k$N$K$h$/;H$o$l$^$9!#(B $B$?$H$($P!V$4$a$s$J$5$$!W$r(B10$B2s=PNO$9$k$K$O(B

    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        System.out.println("$B$4$a$s$J$5$$(B");
$B$N$h$&$K=q$-$^$9(B$B(I(B!$B(B(B $B$B1J5W$K7+$jJV$9L58B(Bloop$B$O!" while (true) { System.out.print("$B$[$2(B"); } $B2hLL$K!V$[$2$[$2$[$2!D!D!W$H1J5W$K=PNO$7$^$9(B$B(I(B!$B(B(B $BCtrl-C!J%3%s%H%m!<%k%-!<$r2!$72<$2$?>uBV$G(B c $B$N%-!<$r$?$?$/$3$H!K(B $B$G=*N;$7$^$9!#(B

for $B$G$b(B while $B$G$b!"(B break $BL?Na$r;H$($P$$$D$G$b(Bloop $B$+$iC&=P$G$-$^$9!#$?$H$($P(B

    double x;
    while (true) {              // $B0J2<$r7+$jJV$9!'(B
        x = Math.random();      //   x $B$K(B0$B!A(B1$B$NMp?t$rF~$l$k(B
        if (x > 0.99) break;    //   x > 0.99 $B$J$i(Bloop $BC&=P(B
        System.out.println(x);  //   x $B$NCM$r=PNO(B
    }
$B$N$h$&$K;H$$$^$9!#(BMath.random() $B$O(B 0 $B0J>e(B 1 $BL$K~$NMp?t(B $B$rH/@8$5$;$k(B method $B$G$9!#(B

$B double x; while (true) { if ((x = Math.random()) > 0.99) break; System.out.println(x); }

$B$3$N(B if $BJ8$O!"Mp?t$r(B 1 $B8DH/@8$5$;$F$=$NCM$r(B x $B$KBeF~$7!"$+$D!"(B $BBeF~$5$l$?CM$,(B 0.99 $B$h$jBg$-$$$+$I$&$+$rH=CG$7$F$$$^$9!#(B

$B double x; while ((x = Math.random()) <= 0.99) System.out.println(x);

i++ $B$H(B ++i

$B int i = 0; while ((i = i + 1) <= 10) System.out.println(i);
    int i = 0;
    while (++i <= 10)
        System.out.println(i);

$B>e5-(B 2 $B$D$O$^$C$?$/F1$8F0:n$r$7$^$9!#(B $B$3$N(B while (++i <= 10) $B$O!"(Bi $B$r(B 1 $B$@$1A}$d$7$F!"(B $B$=$N!JA}$d$7$?8e$N!KCM$,(B 10 $B0J2<$G$"$l$P7+$jJV$9$3$H$r(B $B0UL#$7$^$9!#(B

$B int i = 0; while (i++ <= 10) System.out.println(i);

$B$3$N(B while (i++ <= 10) $B$O!"(B i $B$r(B 1 $B$@$1A}$d$7$F!"(B $BA}$d$9A0$NCM$,(B 10 $B0J2<$G$"$l$P7+$jJV$9$H$$$&$3$H$G$9!#(B

$B8:$i$9J}$N(B --i $B$H(B i-- $B$bF1$84X78$K$"$j$^$9!#(B

do $B$K$h$k$/$jJV$7(B

while $B$N>r7oH=CG$,7+$jJV$7$ND>A0$K9T$o$l$F$$$?(B $B$N$K$?$$$7$F(B do $B$K$h$k7+JV$7$O!">r7oH=CG$,7+$jJV$7(B block $B$ND>8e$K9T$o$l$^$9!#(B

    do {
        $B7+$jJV$7r7o(B);
$B$9$J$o$A!":GDc$G$b(B 1 $B2s$O(B { } block $B$, int i = 1; do { System.out.println(i); i = i + 1; } while (i <= 5); $B$O(B
    int i = 1;
    while (true) {
        System.out.println(i);
        i = i + 1;
        if (i > 5) break;
    }
$B$H$^$C$?$/F1$8F0:n$r$7$^$9!#(B

$B>r7oJ,4t(B

$B>r7o$K$h$C$F=hM}$rJQ$($k$K$O!"(B if $B!A(B else $B!A(B $B$r;H$$$^$9!#(B

class Test {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        int x = 17;
        if (x < 10) {                 // $B$b$7(B x < 20 $B$J$i(B
            System.out.println("x $B$O(B 10 $B$h$j>.$5$$(B");
        } else if (x < 20) {          // $B$=$&$G$J$/!"$b$7(B x < 20 $B$J$i(B
            System.out.println("x $B$O(B 20 $B$h$j>.$5$$(B");
        } else {                      // $B$=$&$G$J$1$l$P(B
            System.out.println("x $B$O(B 20 $B0J>e$G$"$k(B");
        }
    }
}

$B;H$$J}$O0J2<$N$H$*$j$G$9!#(B

    if ($B2?!9(B) {   // $B$b$72?!9$J$i$P(B
        ....      // $B2?!9$,@.$jN)$D$H$-
$B$"$k$$$O(B
    if ($B$[$2$[$2(B) {   // $B$b$7$[$2$[$2$J$i$P(B
        ....          // $B2?!9$,@.$jN)$D$H$-
$B$"$k$$$O(B
    if ($B$J$s$?$i(B) {         // $B$b$7(B $B$J$s$?$i(B $B$J$i$P(B
        ....                // $B$J$s$?$i(B $B$,@.$jN)$D$H$-l9g(B
    }
$B$J$I$N$h$&$J7A$G;H$$$^$9!#(B

r7o<0$,F~$j$^$9!#(B

    a == b $B!J(Ba $B$H(B b $B$OEy$7$$(B)
    a != b $B!J(Ba $B$H(B b $B$OEy$7$/$J$$!K(B
    a < b  $B!J(Ba $B$O(B b $B$h$j>.$5$$!K(B
    a > b  $B!J(Ba $B$O(B b $B$h$jBg$-$$!K(B
    a <= b $B!J(Ba $B$O(B b $B$h$j>.$5$$$+Ey$7$$!K(B
    a >= b $B!J(Ba $B$O(B b $B$h$jBg$-$$$+Ey$7$$!K(B

$B:G=i$N(B a == b $B$O(B a = b $B$H(B $B:.F1$7$J$$$h$&$KCm0U$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B a = b $B$O!V(Ba $B$K(B b $B$NCM$rBeF~$9$k!W(B $B$H$$$&0UL#$G!"%(%i!<$K$J$j$^$9!#(B

$BHf3S$O(B ==$B!"(B
$BBeF~$O(B =
$B$H3P$($^$7$g$&!#(B if $B$d(B else $B$ND>8e$N(B { } $B$NCf$K(B $BL?Na$,0l$D$7$+$J$$$H$-!"(B{ } $B$r>JN,$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B $B$9$J$o$A>e$N(B program $B$O0J2<$N$h$&$K=q$/$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
    if      (x < 10) System.out.println("x $B$O(B 10 $B$h$j>.$5$$(B");
    else if (x < 20) System.out.println("x $B$O(B 20 $B$h$j>.$5$$(B");
    else             System.out.println("x $B$O(B 20 $B0J>e$G$"$k(B");